Business Analysis Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Analysis Project - Research Paper Example The company headquarters are at Irving in Texas and employs about 80,000 people (mbaknol.com, 2012). Exxon Mobil has been marked with a higher market value than any other publicly-traded company in the world. History: Exxon Mobil Corporation is a merger of Exxon and Mobil, two great oil industry titans in the past century. The historic background of these two companies is a notable one and heads back to 19th century, when these two companies were established. Standard Oil Company of New Jersey (Exxon) and Standard Oil Companies of New Jersey (Mobil) were formed from John D. Rockfeller’s Standard Oil Trust which was started in 1870. With the increase in oil resources and implementation of various advanced techniques, they emerged as greatest oil corporations and formed individual identities for each. They indeed created a great impact to the American economy in the past century. Even after the dissolution of Standard Oil Trust in 1911, they subsisted to expand and grew in terms of their production, refining and research, making them leading companies in the oil and gas industry. Since the end of the World War 2, the company expanded its market to more than 100 countries. The companies stayed separate for nearly 87 years, until they signed a definitive agreement that the two would merge and form a new company, namely, Exxon Mobil Corporation. ... Current Operations and Projects: Exxon Mobil involves in three major operations, mainly upstream, downstream and chemicals. Being the leading oil company in the world, Exxon Mobil has faced various ups and downs in the recent decades. For instance, In February 2010, Exxon Mobil reported $310.58 billion in revenue in fiscal year 2009. In fiscal year 2008, it reported $477.35 billion in revenue. (Taque, 2010). It is estimated that though there are rises in oil prices, there will be higher downstream revenue with the increasing demand for the energy resources among the developing countries. There was a decline in liquids production of the company which was subsequently compensated by the increase of the gas production. Exxon has come up with a discovery in the Gulf of Mexico in the past year and is beginning to work over the Julia deepwater fields in the future. The company has set up establishing new explorations in the Gulf of Mexico and in the Russian Arctic area. â€Å"More explora tion is expected to happen in the U.S. with the government selling leases in the GoM and granting licenses in Alaska.† (Forbes, 2012). Its major development project includes the Kashakan project at Kazakhstan and the West Qurna field which is showing a great progress. The gas output of the company has been greatly increased by the shale exploration in U.S. â€Å"Exxon is also a partner in the $15.7 billion Papua New Guinea LNG project in Australia†. (Forbes, 2012). With its ongoing projects at Iraq, Kazakhstan and LNG projects in Australia, the company’s output volume will favorably increase with its production. Exxon Mobil is currently conducting test runs at its new

Nursing Assignment Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing Assignment - Case Study Example From this study it is cleaer that one of the most obvious features that an individual might seek to overlook with respect to Marcus situation and the means by which he adapted to the illness and overcame it has to do with the fact that he was a young relatively fit non-smoker that exhibited a better than average level of physical conditioning and strength. Because of this, the time that he spent affected by the disease and the general care that his girlfriend provided to him, as well as the address and white, bland foods, he was once again ready to return to his normal activities. Without any one of these factors, it is unlikely that Marcus would have improved and/or that would not have required further medical attention.This discussion highlights that  the reason behind the outcome being far worse in a potential outbreak within the community nursing home has to do with the fact that the individuals that are within the nursing home are ultimately there for one of two reasons; perha ps even both of these. As such, these individuals are invariably in a nursing home due to the fact they are either unable to take care of themselves due to old age and/or they are physically incapable of maintaining their own health/body functions.  Within such a weakened situation, the immune system and the overall strength of the body would be compromised; lending to a situation in which the mortality rate of this outbreak would likely be extraordinarily high.

Marketing Assignment. SABIC Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing . SABIC - Assignment Example SABIC was founded in 1976 and operates globally in more than 44 countries in the world. The company is estimated to have more than 33,000 employees all over the world (Sabic.com, 2012). The organisational structure of SABIC includes a total of six different business units, namely Chemicals, Performance Chemicals, Polymers, Fertilizers, Innovative Plastics and Metals. All these business units are engaged in the production of four product types, namely Chemicals which includes Performance Chemicals, Fertilizers, Metals and Plastics which includes Innovative Plastics and Polymers (Companydatabase.org, 2009). For the year 2011, SABIC recorded a net profit equalling SR 29 billion and its annual turnover for the year was SR 129 billion. PEST Analysis Political The government of Saudi Arabia follows a system of monarchy. No political party is officially recognised in the country. Holy Quran is considered to be the constitution of Saudi Arabia and Sharia (Islamic Law) forms the basis for its governance. A central government has been developed by the kings of Saudi Arabia. A wide range of powers are concentrated in the hands of the king of Saudi Arabia. Political reforms have been initiated in the country with the formation of Shura or National Constitutive Council. The members of Shura have advisory powers regarding issues related to public interest. There has been a gradual expansion of the royally appointed Sharia over the past few years (US Department of State, 2011). No income taxes are imposed on Saudi nationals and foreigners working in the country. Only foreign investors are required to pay taxes on their net profit. However the Sura Council members are thinking of the proposal of taxing foreign expatriates. Economic Major economic activities are strongly controlled by the government of Saudi Arabia. Major revenue earnings are derived from the petroleum sector. Private sector growth is being encouraged in the country to promote diversification of economy and emp loyment of Saudi nationals. The effort of diversification is concentrated on telecommunications, power generation, petrochemical sector and exploration of natural gas. There is an unemployment problem mainly because of lack of education and technical expertise amongst Saudi nationals and government is making concentrated efforts to address this issue. Foreign investment is being promoted in the country (CIA, 2012). Socio-Cultural Islam is the predominant religion in the country and Arabic is its official language. Saudi Arabia has a conservative cultural environment. Officially the country strictly adheres to the Islamic law and its Wahhabi interpretations. Cultural presentations are supposed to be in conformity with the ethical standards which are narrowly defined. Technological The country is experiencing rapid advancements in technology. Increased use of internet in business activities in the country. Growing advancements in e-Commerce and electronic service technologies (Al-Ghai th, Sanzogni, & Sandhu. 2010, p.1). Analysis of Ten Trends Affecting the Organisation Political Trends 1. The political environment of Saudi Arabia is quite stable. The country is devoid of any democratic system. National elections are not held in the country and political parties do not exist. Hence it has a positive impact on the business environment of SABIC and the company is

Unprogessive Advances :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The MP3 â€Å"We are born savage and self-centered, and then, unless we move to Hollywood, we get over it. We become civilized. We enter a state in which we understand that sharing is good.† – John Perry Barlow   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the past few years record sales have plummeted to an all time low, the record industry has since been frantically searching for the crack in the dyke; a reason for all this. The most obvious target that has been chosen by these corporations is the act of internet file sharing, more specifically the programs that run these services like the previously shut down â€Å"Napster† and the currently battling â€Å"Kazaa.† There is no doubt that file sharing is a factor in declining record sales but does it really deserve all the blame? Maybe today’s mainstream music lacks a certain quality that would normally motivate a consumer to purchase the CD. There are many factors that could cause declining sales, one of them being file sharing but does the record industry really have the power to classify our right to share as illegal?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The number of users for file swapping programs is in the millions. In its height Napster held 36 million people in the palm of its hand, and since the program has shut down more and more like it have been sprouting too fast for the recording industry to shut them down (Gaither,2). The companies that are filing suit apparently expect us to be sympathetic towards them because they aren’t rolling in the dough like they used to. A CD costs me about $20 after taxes, as a college student and normal person that money is better spent doing time in my bank account, it is almost the same lifestyle as subsistence farming. If I can receive the same music for free over the internet than why bother giving more money to excessive rock stars or silicone divas. The richest of the rich seem to be the only ones complaining as well, small time acts such as â€Å"Battery Park† practically rely on the free trade of music over the internet, mainly because they cannot affor d airplay on major radio or television stations. It is the only way for bands like these to be heard. Lead singer J. Brown of â€Å"Battery Park† however admits that â€Å"Downloads don’t necessarily equate to sales, we hope they like what they hear and want to hear more so they’ll purchase the CD.

Goblin Market

chrSomone Jackson Mr. Price English 2223 01 28 October 2012 Christina Rossetti’s â€Å"Goblin Market† One of the strongest emotions inherent in humans is desire. Christina Rossetti poem â€Å"Goblin Market† is filled with many suggestive pieces referring to different kinds of fruits that play upon the hidden desire. From exotic fruit to sweet nectars, she has her audience wondering about her true meaning for the fruit. The question to be answers is what are the â€Å"fruits† being offered to the girls?Many people believed that the poem was directed towards being gay or lesbian just by the vivid language Rossetti used in her poem, but in all actuality that theory was far from being right. During the Victorian period, emphasis was put on ladies to be very conservative. Christine Rossetti’s Goblin Market defies the confinements of the Victorian age while romantically critiquing what takes place in the dark outside of the regality of social circles in r elation to forbidden sexuality. In the poem ‘fruit† was referenced many times in relations to the goblin men.In a sense the â€Å"fruit† can be related to the old Christian story of Adam and Eve and the forbidden fruit. The forbidden fruit was Eve weakness but was her desire to have it lead to her demise. The context of the fruit in Goblin Market has explicit sexual connotations that lend to an instructive and more importantly, cautioning perspective on sexual activity. From the very first stanza, with its descriptions of luscious fruits for sale in the â€Å"Goblin Market,† some hard to find but summer ripe, one cannot help but read these mouth-watering depictions with sexuality in mind.Examples of this would be â€Å"Plump unpecked cherries† (Rossetti 7) and â€Å"Figs to fill your mouth, Citron from the South, Sweet to tongue and sound to eye;† (Rossetti 28-30). The â€Å"fruit† mention throughout the poem can be linked to the idea o f an addiction. Being that the â€Å"fruit† was forbidden â€Å"Their offers should not charm us, / Their evil gifts would harm us† (Rossetti 65-66), once eaten one will become addicted and wanted more. Furthermore, Rossetti did relate her poems to the Victorian period which ncluded women and their drug, alcohol, and prostitution abuse. So in those instances the fruit can be looked upon as the drug, â€Å"She suck'd and suck'd and suck'd the more, Fruits which that unknown orchard bore; She suck'd until her lips were sore;† (Rossetti 134-136). Laura basically indulged the fruit as if it was a temptation so sweet that every ounce of juice had to be savored. Sadly as soon as she consumed the fruit her addiction set in.Laura wanted more of the â€Å"fruit† but was upset because she could not find anymore, so as a consequence she fell into a deep depression that could possibly lead to her death. Rossetti does make some references to her brother D. G. Rossetti poem â€Å"Jenny†. References made in Christina Rossetti poem were â€Å"Mindful of Jeanie, Give me much and many; Held out her apron, Tossed them her penny. (Rossetti 365-367). â€Å"Goblin Market† shows a lot of her brother Dante’s influence, and references to his poem â€Å"Jenny† several times. Christina likely borrowed the idea of goblins and Jeanie from his poem also. Jenny† is told through the eyes of the man, while the woman in question is asleep, reinforcing the argument that Christina Rossetti meant to illustrate the experience of prostitution from a female’s perspective. To continue to focus on the matter at hand which is the â€Å"fruit† that is being offered to the girls in â€Å"Goblin Market. For one the Victorian period, once stated before, is related to women and prostitution and Rossetti poem played upon that in a fairy tale way. Lesbian acts were taken out of perspective when people read the poem but once Rossetti clarified the intentions of the poem people where more forgiven.Since Laura indulged in the forbidden fruit she did become addicted to it and Lizzie being her sister wanted to get her more fruit so that she will return to her normal state of mind. Just like drugs will make a person do crazy things for it Lizzie did not want to her sister suffer from depression and death. Ultimately Lizzie saved her sister from the bad affects that the fruit brought upon here due to poor decision making and at the end of the story they both grew up and had children of their own. Overall the basic concept of the fruit that is given to the girls is more like a drug.The unspoken lesbian act that many Victorian perceived was way out of context. The fruit symbolized the drug that the prostitute, Laura, wanted to get from the goblin in return all she had was an addiction. Thanks to a strong sisterhood and not anything related to gays, Lizzie was able to break the habit and they both grew old and had their own families. Work Cited Black, Joseph. â€Å"Goblin Market† The Broadview Anthology of British Literature. Concise ed. Volume B. Canada, Ontario. 2007. 810-817. Print.

Goals of Public Education Essay - 780 Words

Goals of American Public Education TJC National University Foundations of Education/TED 602 January 13, 2012 Professor KL Goals of American Public Education Public education in America began in the early to mid-19th century with the simple goal of â€Å"uniting the American population by instilling common moral and political values† (Spring, 2012, p. 5). Our country was founded by men who designed the constitution so that it could be amended to accommodate changing political and social climates. They believed in the ideology of the American dream which â€Å"holds out a vision of both individual success and the collective good of all† (Hochschild amp; Scovronick, 2004, p. 1). It is with this same ideology that our public schools were†¦show more content†¦These models are the Common-School model, the Sorting-Machine model, and the High-Stakes testing model. The Common-School model is one in which the school system is set up in order to allow all students an equal education. The disparities between social classes would, theoretically, be eliminated by this normalization. The Sorting-Machine model recognizes that all students are not created equal. Teachers, counselors, and standardized tests would be used to impartially â€Å"overcome the influence of family background† (Spring, 2012, p. 59). Finally, the High-Stakes testing model is based on the notion that schools can â€Å"give everyone an equal chance to learn and to be tested without cultural bias† (Spring, 2012, p. 63). Standardized tests are used for all forms of advancement and placement from grade-level promotions to professional credentialing. These models are used side-by-side, to some degree, in our 21st century implementation of public education. Obstacles in Achieving Educational Goals Throughout the history of public education, there have been barriers to the equality of opportunity philosophy. Thomas Jefferson’s proposal and Horace Mann’s implementation of public schools excluded non-citizens like blacks, women, and Native Americans. Next, an increase in immigration and industrialization widened cultural and economic differences between students. The greatest obstacle to equal educationShow MoreRelatedAn Examination of the Goals of Higher Education Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Higher education exists to produce knowledge. This mission is accomplished by researchers and teachers, working in cooperation, with the goal of producing educated citizens. It is through research, innovation, and teaching that we improve our society. Education of the whole person was one of the earliest goals of higher education. Today there are many competing goals that influence the missions and funding philosophies tied to public universities. In chapter one of How to succeed inRead MoreWhat Is My Educational Philosophy?890 Words   |  4 Pagesphilosophers in education this semester, I have come to agree and disagree with a lot of different ideas. If I had to only pick one philosopher and their ideas I wouldn’t be able to. I don’t really have any fresh or original ideas on education. I would have to say my philosophy is a mixture between all the different philosophers and things I have learned this semester in class and things that were self-taught. When trying to answer the question â€Å"What should be the guiding purpose of public education?† I figuredRead MoreRole Of An Interest Group On The United States And. Texas Political System Essay1143 Words   |  5 Pagesis an organized group of individuals, organizations, or businesses who share a goal. The interest group forms an alliance in support of their cause to influence public policy and government officials in the group s favor. The goal of the group could be focused on small group, such as the Japan Eraser Manufacturer s Association; or the goal could be focused on a large public group, such as family and friends of public school-aged children in the United States. Clive S. Thomas states, The most importantRead MoreStatement of Purpose: Pursuing a Master Degree of Public Administration654 Words   |  3 Pages I have given much thought about my education and career goals. I included my current qualifications and accomplishment, as well as, the fulfillment of my desire to work in the government sector or industry. The issue I had with setting this goal was I qualified to work in many areas, and had become as a â€Å"jack of all trades and master of none.† I was all over the place trying to land in a specific area and industry. I have an Associates of Applied Arts degree in Paralegal, a Certificate in CorporateRead MoreOpen Access Within Higher Education Essay1613 Words   |  7 PagesOpen access within higher education has become a hot topic in today’s political world. Based on implications community colleges have faced due to their open access policies, this paper will foreshadow what open access at four-year institutions may look like. First, the paper will define a public and private goods in the context of three defining goals for American education: democratic equality, social efficiency, and social mobility. Second, the paper will highlight a brief history of communityRead MoreThe Implementation Of Charter Schools1505 Words   |  7 Pages Implementation of charter schools in LAUSD by George Szabo Introduction to Public Management and Policy POSC / CRJU 320 Dr. Samuel B. Stone California State University, Fullerton September 29, 2015 $490-million dollar plan In California there is frequent debate over the performance of public schools throughout the state. It is known that many of the state’s public schools are poorly funded and lay in disrepair. It is also accompanied by bad test scores and underperforming students whichRead MoreThe Purpose Of Public School Education1678 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of public school education is to provide students with the tools and skills to continue to higher education, and to help them pursue their goals and dreams in life. It is meant to provide inspiring, positive and culturally affirming experiences that make students excited to learn and succeed. While many students are prepared properly in public schools, this is not true for all. For several students, education is not stimulating, and is dull and boring, or perhaps provides negative andRead MoreThe Evolving Role of Government in Education965 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: THE EVOLVING ROLE OF GOVERMRNT IN EDUCATION The Evolving Role of Government in Education Latoya T Bond The Evolving Role of Government in Education Most school age children in the United States receive their education through the public school system. There are several components that must come together in unison in order for the US public schools to operate at maximum potential. Strong arguments can be made as to which of the components are most important. Many peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of Frank Baum s The Wonderful Wizard Of Oz948 Words   |  4 PagesLand of Oz. To get home, she must seek answers from the Great and Powerful Wizard of Oz in the Emerald City. In similar fashion, Mississippi has been caught in the grips of a tornado that has left both public school educators and state legislators looking for answers to the state’s education problems. Unfortunately, many legislators seem to be more interested in taking on the role of a vengeful wicked witch than truly finding answers. While state educators are steadily inching their way alongRead MorePurpose Of Public Education1055 Words   |  5 PagesPurpose of Public Education I believe one purpose of public education is to prepare students for life. Public education should provide the knowledge and skills students need to apply outside of school to be a contributing member of society. We need to raise and educate kids to be self-sufficient economically and socially. Public education should provide students an opportunity to develop their social skills, communication skills, and be active problem solvers. I think this purpose of public education

Kings as Main Characters in Literature Essay - 765 Words

The stories about kings are universally appealing, and the leaders in literature works often bear many similarities. For instance, it seems that leaders of all societies share certain common characteristics and attributes including courage, loyalty, tremendous ordeal experience and absolutely selfness. All of these are key factors leading to ultimate triumph and the deeds of heroes are usually of great benefits to others. However, differences in culture, social system, values and social background etc. actually endows heroes with diverse personalities varying from person to person and culture to culture. With rich imagination, every child molds his or her supreme leaders with authorities. But as time goes by, children are gradually†¦show more content†¦Characterizing several valiant kings fighting for the glory of Greece, Homers Iliad also enthralls readers with the charming valor of heroes. Hector is in many ways an ideal king: he is a man of compassion and piety, a man of integrity and bravery, a man who loves his family, and above all, a man who understands and fulfills his social obligations under the stringent rules of the leadership code. While Achilles opposing enemy, Hector’s action of commanding the Troy Army also demonstrates the fundamental trait of an ancient Greek warrior — the willingness to risk his life to defend the honor of his country. As two great kings, both Hector and Beowulf display the virtues of a king: devotion to his country, to his people, to gods and family. The Oedipus Rex, a Sophoclean tragedy, mainly aims to deliver the idea how a king learns to be modest before the gods through sufferings. In the play, readers can acquire the theme by analyzing King Oedipus’ tragic flaws. Describing the changing process of Oedipus changes from a powerful and majestic king to â€Å"the world’s outcast†, Sophocles vividly leads readers to perceive the theme. For instance, at the very beginning of the play, readers can easily feel Oedipus’ hubris through Sophocles’ description on Oedipus’s behaviors when he steps down from the altar. Addressing the people of Thebes to discuss the deadly plague attacking Thebes, Oedipus explainsShow MoreRelatedAmbition and Death - the Story of the Renaissance in Macbeth1189 Words   |  5 Pagesdeath at the end of the play. Because of his change of character from good to evil, Macbeth s attitude towards other characters, specifically Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macbeth, and the witches , is significantly affected. In a larger sense, the theme of bad versus good kingship, embodied by Macbeth and Duncan, respectively, would have resonated at the royal court, where James was busy developing his English version of the theory of divine right. The main point of this paper is to discuss the historical ContextRead MoreSimilarities Between Graceling And Fahrenheit 4511584 Words   |  7 PagesThe idea of dystopian societies have drawn readers and authors alike for decades, each work of literature captivating millions. Books in the genre, of course, are classified by the world in which the main characters live. Although society is initially presented as perfect, beneath the surface it is deeply flawed in the eyes of the author. Although many books follow this formula, we will focus in on two specific pieces that carry very different storylines: Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, and GracelingRead MoreThe King Of Gothic Literature1321 Words   |  6 Pages103 28 April 2015 The King of Gothic Gothic literature is an new, and young concept to many. It barely popped it’s head out in the mere eighteen hundreds. One of those who well mastered the concept of this was Stephen King. Stephen King was able to wrap his mind around the topic, and bend it to his will. By today’s date, Stephen King has already based some of his best works of art, of horror literature, with the fusion of gothic elements and today’s horror. Gothic literature can be defined as writingRead MoreShahrazad as a Feminist1457 Words   |  6 Pageslustful King. The King used to marry virgin women – one every night - and kill them the day after because he was once cheated by his late wife. However, this series of killing ends when he weds Shahrazad. Her generous nature to save other women in the kingdom is what motivates her to pursue the marriage. The major themes from the two novels are heroism, courage and ever-present sense of danger. Ayesha and Shahrazad are two different wome n in different situations. Both of these characters have shownRead MorePrejudice in King of the Bingo Game938 Words   |  4 PagesRalph Ellison’s â€Å"King of the Bingo Game† is the story about an unnamed black man, in the 1930’s, who is hoping to win the bingo game that is being held at the local cinema, in order win enough money to pay for his gravely ill wife to see a doctor. The central idea of this story is about race, and the inability for a person to be the master of his or her own destiny, when they live in an unfair and prejudicial system. The main character is completely alienated from the world around him. He is aRead MoreWalt Disneys The Lion King Essay1031 Words   |  5 PagesLion King. With a moral base unlike most of the movies released at the time, TLK placed a childrens facade on a very serious story of responsibility and revenge. However, this theme is one of the oldest in history, and it is not the least apparent in one of the oldest works of literature by The Bard himself, William Shakespeare. The work that Disneys TLK parallels is none other than Hamlet: Prince of Denmark and the film shadow this work so closely, that parallels between the main characters themselvesRead MoreOedipus The King, And Oedipus At Colonus1343 Words   |  6 Pages Oedipus, a play written by Sophocles, has become a staple in the study of a Tragic hero in classic literature. When this was written in the fifth century, theatre was more than a means of entertainment but almost a religious event. Robert Fagles goes even further by saying that†theatre was not only a religious festival; it was also an aspect of the city’s political life.† (Fagles) . Greek dramas were presented only twice a year during religious festivals that honored Dionysus, the god of winesRead MoreOedipus : The King Of Thebes And Tragic Hero Essay728 Words   |  3 PagesOedipus: The King of Thebes and Tragic Hero Ancient Greek Literature encompasses an assortment of poetry and drama to include the great masterpieces of tragedy. In Classic Literature, tragedies were commonly known for their elaboration of a protagonist fitting the classification of a tragic hero. This type of a tragic hero often collectively described as a character of noble birth, facing an adversity of some nature and a fate of great suffering. The characteristics of what encompassed a tragic heroRead MoreKing Lear and the Genre of Tragedy Essay960 Words   |  4 Pagesof the hero. Written between 1604 and 1606, ‘King Lear’ falls into the genre of tragedy, depicting the destruction and downfall of the main character (Abrams). The play centres on Lear, an aging king who, in his retirement, decides to divide his kingdom between his three daughters while retaining the title and privileges of being king. However, King Lear’s actions lead to the destruction of his family, tearing up his kingdom and creating a war. ‘King Lear’ is a tragedy as it follows the codes andRead MoreSamuel Beckett : Theatre Of The Absurd And Beckett s Use Of The Literary Concept1071 Words   |  5 Pagespersonal friendship through their passion for literature. Due to an extensive education, Beckett took on three different literary cultures. These three styles were the French, Irish and Anglo-Irish literary culture. According to anoisewithin.org, â€Å"theatre of the absurd† is a term used to depict writing that, â€Å"is influenced by existentialism, with the idea that each individual is free and responsible to give meaning to life.† This form of literature portrays that life has no meaning beyond what